Afrikaner Nationalism Essay

Afrikaner people have, from the initial days felt threatened internal to their borders and externally. Sometimes the threat was real thus existing and other times it was an illusion. The fear of domination rose from the presence of a majority of what they labelled as undeveloped indigenous races all which were non-white (Wilson and Thompson, 365). With this fear rose nationalism. Afrikaner nationalism is a political ideology that was born in the late 19th century around the idea that Afrikaners in South Africa were a chosen people. It was also influenced by anti-British sentiments that grew among Afrikaners especially because of the Boer Wars which did more to unite Afrikanerdom and infuse it with purpose and determination (Wilson and Thompson, 367). The notion that Afrikaners are direct descendants of the Dutch are somewhat distorted. The Afrikaner nationalism places emphasis on the unity of all Afrikaans speaking white people, the Volk (folk – common people), against foreign elements such as blacks, Jews and English speaking South Africans. Another factor that held Afrikaner people together was that of Calvinism. Religion played an instrumental role in the development of nationalism. The Dutch Reformed Churches of South Africa throughout the 18th century were in a battle against modernism and modernity aligning themselves with views that divided the human race broadly into the elect and the rest (Wilson and Thompson, 371). These spheres led to belief that the State is divinely ordained and created and had to be preserved and protected from liberalism and revolutionary ideas (Wilson and Thompson, 372). Anyone seen to indulge in human rationality was seen as challenging God’s authority. This Christian-nationalistic ideology was tailored to fit Nationalist Afrikaner prejudices. In the 19th century Du Toit put forward the notion that Afrikaners were a distinct nationality with a fatherland (South Africa) and their own language (Afrikaans) and that the Volks’ destiny was to rule South Africa. Although there was never really an official relationship between the church and party, the church became in a sense the National  Party at prayer (Wilson and Thompson, 373). Afrikaners could thus refuse a British designed South Africa which they could co exist with other ethnic groups as a minority (Wilson and Thompson, 373-4). To them, as long as Afrikaner existed, as a minority in a racially and culturally different environment, they could not allow the black majority to develop economically or politically because this would lead to black domination. Afrikaner Nationalism had a personalized political philosophy. The Union of South Africa was created in 1910 (Wilson and Thompson, 377) and eight years after the 2nd Boer War, Hertzog broke ties with prime minister then , and formed the National Party in 1914. The media in those days had a party affiliated with it, hence Nationalist minded Afrikaners persuaded Malan to be an editor of their newspaper and thus he left his position as a church minister. A Cape branch of Hertzog’s National Party was founded in 1915 and Malan was elected as its provincial leader, elected to parliament in 1918. The National Party came in power in 1924, and Malan was Minister up until 1933 (Wilson and Thompson, 379). In 1934 the United Party was formed out of a merger between Hertzog’s National Party and rival, Jan Smuts with the South African Party. Malan strongly opposed the merger. He and nineteen other members of parliament formed the Purified National Party which he led for the next fourteen years as opposition. Malan also opposed the participation in WW2 which was already unpopular with the Afrikaner population (and led to the split in governing party) this dramatically increased his popularity and he consequently defeated the United party in 1948 in elections (in which only whites and coloreds could vote) (Wilson and Thompson, 380-7). Malan retired as leader in 1954, and the National Party chose Strydom as successor overriding Malan’s choice of placing Havenga as his successor. Choosing a non-Hertzog path, the National Party chose a path which Afrikaner Nationalism had to follow. Ossewabrandwag movement was formed largely on National Socialist lines which opposed South African entry in WW2 because of South Africa’s fight for independence from British rule. The movement emphasized national unity and was able to integrate a multitude of different nationalist organizations because it lacked a clear ideological profile. Only when leadership began to define ideology and had its own policy from 1941 onwards, did membership decline (Wilson and Thompson, 387). In the end, Malan outmaneuvered the movement and his rallying cry became that of bringing together all who from inner certainty, belong collectively. Nationalism was taken further at elections of 1953, 1958, 1961 and 1966 until Malan’s ideal had been realized (Wilson and Thompson, 388). However, there remained a small hard core Afrikaners who refused to throw their lot with Afrikaner nationalism thus internal political struggles in the disgruntled and essentially impoverished Afrikaner community. The tide however appeared to be flowing in favour of the more enlightened element in the National Party in the late 1960s (Wilson and Thompson, 390). This began the road to South Africa’s eventual isolation from a world that would no longer tolerate any forms of political discrimination or differentiation based on race only. Afrikaner Nationalism’s attitude to sovereign independence falls in two periods namely, the drive to attain dominion status and independence of Sout h Africa within the Commonwealth of Nations (Wilson and Thompson, 390-1). Hertzog led a freedom deputation in France to advocate for an independent reign of South Africa. An outcome for this task was a suggestion by the Federal Council of the Nation Party to recast the agenda of principles of the party in such a way that the sovereignty ideal was undoubtedly formulated. The party used constitutional means to be emancipated and handed rights to make decisions about the future of South Africa (Wilson and Thompson, 391). There was agitation from the Nationalist Party and Hertzog resisted it within ranks for secession from Britain after the First World War. Hertzog then entered into an election agreement with the Labour Party (supported by English speakers) and gave assurance that he would not withdraw from the Commonwealth. On the other hand, the Nationalist Party decided on a change of strategy in an effort to alleviate uncertainties of those South Africans that feared republicanism meant the dismissal of all ties of the Commonwealth (Wilson and Thompson, 393). After WW2, the demand for a return to a Kruger-type republic had been dropped with emphasis placed on South Africa’s relations with the rest of the world. Simultaneously, the internal colour problem had become extraneous in the face of more pressing issues (Wilson and Thompson, 394). Broederbond was a secret, exclusively male and white Protestant organization in South Africa dedicated to the advancement of Afrikaner interests. Their role in Afrikaner Nationalism was never possible to establish with exactness. The work of the  Bond was to maintain the unification of the Afrikaner members, recognising their language and cultural community (Wilson and Thompson, 395). Neither of the two leading Afrikaners of their day, Hertzog or Smuts, was considered eligible for membership of the Broederbond, for their policy of co-operation with the English speaking section of the population was felt to be inimical to the interests of the Afrikaner nation. Hertzog and Smuts had opposing opinions about the aims and activities of the organization. Smuts saw the organisation as a danger to the position of the country and the national policy as it only catered for the interests of a single resident and was not concerned in the interests of other inhabitants and the outcome was for Smuts to forbid any individual to become a member of the organisation. Hertzog was well aware of the scheming of the Broederbond behind the scenes, and in a forceful attack on the organization in a speech at Smithfield he stigmatized them as a grave menace to the rest and peace of our social community, even where it operates in the economic-cultural sphere (Wilson and Thompson, 397-8). Hertzog maintained that the establishment of the Bond organisation was caused by the refusing of the fusion of the National and South African Parties. The Federation of Afrikaans Cultural Organisation (F.A.K) was established in 1929 on Broedebond initiative which was to exercise an influential positive and creative image which impinged on the political sphere. The educational field was also vital as it was seen as a primary field of work in their attempt to build a nation in order to prevent the de-Afrikanerazation of the young. Division between Afrikaans and English speaking children was to be maintained in their education. An instruction of the mother tongue language secured the goal of the Afrikaner people’s motive to separate the two white groups with different mother tongues (Wilson and Thompson, 398-9). Economically, the F.A.K did significant work before and after WW2. Because of their work, Afrikaner Nationalism had been given further powerful foundation to provide it for the task of governing South Africa as the senior and dominant white partner (Wilson and Thompson, 400). In South Africa race is always equated with the colour of one’s skin. The race policy was implemented by the Afrikaner Nationalism to separate the populations according to their skin colour. The population Registration Act had definitions for each different race groups namely Whites, Coloureds, the Natives and the Indian person. They asserted that language and traditions  are to be in the blood of an individual (Wilson and Thompson, 403). In Nationalism’s black manifesto, Hertzog officially committed South Africa as a white man’s land. When Malan came to power in 1948, he abolished the Natives’ Representative Council claiming that it had become an anti-white forum. A party under chairmanship of Sauer produced a report in time of 1948 election which put in motion the word apartheid (Wilson and Thompson, 406). The application of segregation will furthermore lead to the creation of separate healthy cities for the non-whites where they will be in a position to develop along their own lines, establish their own institutions and later on govern themselves under the guardianship of the whites. Domination in South Africa was the purpose of the Afrikaner Nationalists to secure the safety of the white man. The survival of the white men meant that white men (White Afrikaners and English speaking whites) had to come together in order to fight the threat of the black people. BIBLIOGRAPHY Wilson, M. and Thompson, L. The Oxford History of South Africa. Oxford University Press.

Adolf Hitler: a Leadership Analysis

Adolf Hitler BSM Portfolio Assignment This paper demonstrates Hodges University’s learning outcome of leadership. Kevin J. Van Dyk – Third Wheel Hodges University MNA4360 Leadership for Managers Professor Ron Harbour Due: November 7, 2012 Graded by BSM Instructor: __________________________ Grade Awarded: __________________________________ Introduction For the past seventy years, Adolf Hitler has been known as one of the most evil men in history. The Fueherer, as he was known, exhumed hatred and violence in his pursuit of power.A vile man, driven by violence and a lust for power, eventually drove himself mad with his own idealistic vision of what a perfect world would be, and how he would achieve it. While his motives may have been questionable, his ability to lead and influence people is not. This case study will analyze the leadership tactics utilized by Adolf Hitler, as well as the personal issues he had with himself, society and the world he lived in. Also, Hitlerâ €™s unmatched desire for ultimate power, which ultimately led to his demise, will be examined as well. Ambitious scarcely describes the intensity of the lust for power and the craving to dominate which consumed him† (Green, 2001, pg. 8). Leadership, though defined through text books as, â€Å"The ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals† (Judge. 2013, 368), is not only limited to the ability to influence people. Leadership also includes the mental and physical maturity and knowledge to be able to influence people ethically and morally.The greatest problem with Hitler’s leadership was that he allowed his ego driven desire for power to become greater than his vision for his country. Without the ethical and moral standards, leaders become dictators, and most will become separated from their wits and end up with less than optimal results. Situation Analysis In Management: The New Competitive Landscape, Bateman defines situat ion analysis as, â€Å"a process planners use within, time and resource constraints, to gather, interpret and summarize all information relevant to the planning issue under consideration† (pg. 108).A situation analysis is a tool used to assess a particular situation and dissect the internal and external parts, focusing on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the organization in order to accomplish a goal. Internal Environment The internal environment, or the factors that Hitler can control, are in his eyes limitless. Hitler truly believed he was in control of everything. His goals were driven by hatred and a hunger for power. â€Å"Hitler was a master of nationalist appeal† (Green, 2001, pg. 13), and â€Å"speech was the essential medium of his power† (Green, 2001, pg. ). The way he viewed the world he lived in, Hitler was able to control everything and everyone around him through his ability to speak and influence. Anything he could not contr ol, he sought to destroy, which included but was not limited to the Jews, Marxists, Czechs, Poles, French, any intellectual and the educated middle class. From an outside perspective, Hitler was a selfish, hateful, spiteful, violent man with demented goals towards world domination, and essentially was a cancer to the world. External EnvironmentThe external environment, which includes the factors uncontrollable by Hitler, to him is non-existent. Hitler controlled his external environment through brute force and violence along with fear. Countries like France and Britain allowed him to act this way for a great deal of time, as well as did some of the smaller areas conquered by the Nazi forces. It’s wasn’t until Hitler’s ego driven motives were finally seen by the rest of the world did anyone begin to rise up against him. Eventually, the other worldly enemies of Germany were able to stand up against him.Hitler’s own arrogance also became an external factor, as towards the end, he was unable to control his emotions or separate his delusion from reality. Political turmoil combined with good timing allowed Hitler to rise to power legally and begin to rally the people of Germany behind his vulgar plans. SWOT Analysis A SWOT analysis is an evaluation a company’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (Armstrong, 2010, p. 77). A SWOT analysis is a useful tool in comparing a business, or in this case a character’s, traits to the situation and to other characters.A SWOT analysis for Adolf Hitler * Strengths * Passionate Speaker * Charismatic * Calculated * Gifted Actor and Politician * Weaknesses * Angry and full of rage * Defensive * Ego driven and selfish * He became convinced of his own infallibility (EGO) * Opportunities * Rose to power during a time of political unrest and indecisiveness in Germany * Master of surprise tactics: gauged the psychological effects * Threats * Anyone who interfered with his mission was an enemy of the people. * Intellectual and educated people.Hitler was a very passionate speaker that was incredibly adept to connecting to his audience in order to influence or persuade. The people he was speaking to would feel his passion. His charisma for speaking combined with the weak structure of Germany at the time made him influential beyond any other. He had the combined skills of an actor and a politician, â€Å"he could talk well and he had the actor’s gift of mimicry to amuse his companions. (Green, 2001, pg. 12), and everything he said and did had a calculated thought behind it.He was never caught off guard or accidently let anything slip, â€Å"he never let slip and unconsidered word. He never said what he did not intend to say and he never blurted out a secret. Everything was the result of cold calculation† (Green, 2001, pg. 7). Hitler’s own ego was his biggest weakness. The arrogance to believe that his was a â€Å"man with a mission, marked ou t by Providence, and therefore exempt from the ordinary cannons of human conduct† (pg. 9). Hitler also had no respect for any type of God or higher being, deeming himself as a supreme deity in his own eyes.Anyone that believes they are on a divine mission to destroy and conquer clearly needs a path back to reality. His anger and rage would often play through during his speeches, though it was stated that he would often catch himself, calm himself, flatten his hair and continue on as if nothing had happened, and he also had a tendency to be on the defensive, making excuses and pointing the finger at anyone but himself or his country for the shortcomings of the time. Hitler took advantage of a great opportunity in early 1930’s Germany. There was a time of political unrest and uncertain leadership.The leaders of the respective political parties were weak, and Hitler saw the chance to put his plan into action to build the perfect nation. Incredibly patient and a master of t he surprise tactic, he waited until the timing was perfect to seize any opportunity. The greatest threats Hitler faced would be anyone that he was unable to control. The intellectual and the well-educated didn’t buy in to his rhetoric. Hitler had one way, his way. If you weren’t with him, you were against him. Anyone that interfered with his mission was an enemy of the people. Problem IdentificationBeing a leader is not just about influencing people to achieve a goal; leadership has to do with the motives behind the organization and its goals as well. When a leader allows their own ego to dictate the direction of the organizational goals instead of what’s best for the organization, a problem will occur. Such is the case of Adolf Hitler. His ego driven desire for power outweighed the organizational goals for the people of Germany and the rest of the world. An idealistic perfect nation was a nice thought, but eventually the overly eccentric steps taken forced Hitl er across the line from leader to dictator.Best Choice of Action I truly believe that Adolf Hitler could have been the world’s emperor, had he not let his ego get in the way. His biggest threats at the time were Britain and France, who he had kept on their heels for the majority of his time in power. Instead of being aggressive and driving forward hastily, Hitler allowed his ego to define his decision making. A lack of advisors in addition to an incredible ego cost him his empire. At one point Hitler said he would rather lose Germany altogether than surrender. The best choice of action for Hitler would have been to not be so closed off and untrusting.To appoint a cabinet of trusted officials that could help him objectively make a decision, as objectively as a genocidal maniac could possibly be, of course. With a little bit of an outside viewpoint, Hitler may have been able to see the flaws in his â€Å"Mission from Providence† and instead been able to be more efficient and effective in his plans for world domination. Characters Hitler had several types of power during his reign. Though seized through an opportunistic election, Hitler was granted Legitimate Power over Germany though their election process.The leader with legitimate power â€Å"has the right, or the authority, to tell other what to do. (Bateman, 2004, pg. 369). He also had Coercive Power, or the control over punishments. (Bateman). Hitler certainly used an Autocratic Leadership Model, which â€Å"makes decisions, then announces them to the group† (Bateman, 2004, pg. 374), He was also a very charismatic leader; charismatic leaders are â€Å"dominant and exceptionally self-confident and have a strong conviction in the moral righteousness of their beliefs† (Bateman, 2004, pg. 83). In addition to all this, Hitler was also a transformational leader, â€Å"Transformational leaders get people to transcend their personal interests for the sake of the larger community† (pg. 383). These qualities combined made Adolf Hitler the leader that he was, or at least the leader he started out to be. Once his ego and his own personal vendetta with the world clouded his vision for the organization, his empire began to crumble and his ability as a leader ceased. Student Use of Leadership OutcomeThis past week, Hodges University at PHCC was invited down to the main campus in Fort Myers in order to receive an award for outstanding leadership and activity. Although I am not currently the leader of this group, I seized this opportunity to go to the main campus and meet with the influential people within the university structure. As a new club at a satellite campus, the Ambassador Club was having trouble being noticed and acknowledged by the university. At this ceremony, I made sure to meet with the important department heads, deans and advisors in order to establish a channel of communication for the future.Our biggest problem as an organization right now, is tha t we are virtually unseen, by not only our community, but our university and campus as well. When I tell people I go to Hodges University, most people say, â€Å"Where’s that? † and â€Å"Huh? †. Even the students on PHCC’s campuses hardly know what Hodges University is. Our struggle with the university has been gaining the backing we need in order to secure a foothold within the community. A presence on campus and in the social eye would not only increase the student’s experience, but could possibly increase enrollment and student involvement.Our goal for the coming year is to show the university that we are getting noticed in the community and on our campus. We want to be noticed not only by the students, but by the administration as well in order to generate a better experience for students, alumni, faculty and prospective students alike. Learning to utilize the different types of power in leadership positions and when to use them allowed me to make the impression I needed to make in the presence of other leaders in positions of power. Conclusion Leadership is about more than just getting a flock of sheep to follow.Leadership is about having the moral and ethical maturity to influence people towards the right goals for the right reasons. Hitler lost sight of the moral and ethical end. He decided that his own diving ego was more important than the organization he was leading, which just so happened to be his nation of people. Hitler set out wanting to build a stronger, more dominate nation, a perfect nation above the rest. At first, he was charismatic and extremely effective. Once the leader loses the ability to influence, his ability to lead is gone.The people began to see how eccentric and evil and violent Hitler really was, and in effect, how unfit of a leader he truly was. Had Hitler had the moral ground ethical ability to continue to influence his people to follow him, the world may have ended up in a very different wa y. Reference Armstrong, G & Kotler, P. (2010). Principles of Marketing (14th Ed. ) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Bateman, T. S. (2004). Management: The New Competitive Landscape (6th Ed. ) New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Green, W. , & McCarthy, G. (2001). Adolf Hitler. Oneonta, NY: The Hartwick Humanities in Management Institute.Judge, T, & Robbins, S. (2013). Organizational Behavior. Certification Statement I hereby certify that this paper constitutes my own original work and is properly quoted and cited where I have used the writings of another. Further, this paper has not been submitted for credit in any other Hodges University class or other college course or for publication elsewhere. Kevin J. Van Dyk You have 1 Essay Outgoing Title| Subject| E-Structor| Submission Time| | Hitler Case Analysis: Leadership| | Essay Center – 1 hrreview| | 11/06/2012 07:02:44 PM| You have 0 Question Outgoing Title| Subject| E-Structor| Submission Time|

Comparison and Contrast Essay of Two video games

Now a days technology become too much advance. Some of the greatest improvements in new technology have been the creation of computer games. In the present century lots of children’s play computer games. For children’s games have become a luxury more than a need. This demand is increasing for develop new and advance games. Similar there is a Rockstar Industries, they develop video games likewise Grand Theft Auto 3 and Grand Theft Auto: Vice City. These game two games are most famous.First of all Grand Theft Auto 3 release on October, 2001 developed by DMA Design in United Kingdom and publish by Rockstar Games. This game is a first 3D game in the series of Grand Theft Auto. First it was release for PlayStations later on PC Xbox. Moreover GTA 3 also develops for Apple App store and Android devices. On other hand Grand Theft Auto vice city release on October 29, 2002 developed and as well as publish by Rockstar Games in United Kingdom. GTA Vice city is second 3D game in th e series of Grand Theft Auto.It also releases for Playstation later on PC Xbox. But now it also realease for Apple App store and Android devices. Moreover, Grand Theft Auto 3 game graphic not much as compare as Grand Theft Auto vice city it is too dark. GTA3 player can’t spend his money on purchasing properties and make money from them. And it has better missions and vehicles but in smaller numbers, such as cars, trucks, train, some boat are not used much. GTA vice city have too much colorful graphic and players enjoy too much, once they played vice city they unlike GTA 3.In Grand Theft Auto Vice City player can spend his money on purchasing properties and make money from them. And more missions and vehicles, such as new shaped cars, bikes, helicopter, planes, and more useful boat. Furthermore, GTA3 System Requirements for players are should have Pentium 3 or 4, and need 450 MHz plus 128MB RAM. And 16 MB direct 3D Video Card, Sound Card, 8X CD-ROM and 500MB free hard disk spa ce should need.GTA Vice City System Requirements for players are should have 800 MHz Intel Pentium 3 or 4, and want 1.2GHz plus 128 MB of RAM, 8 speed CD / DVD drive, plus 32 MB direct 3D Video Card, Sound Card as well as 915 MB of free hard disk space. Mostly people say that GTA Vice City the better than GTA 3. Because in gta vice city has more missions and it also have good graphic more vehicles etc. GTA Vice City is more interesting game than GTA . 3 Today generation like these games very much, it look like real live game. And it have look of thing to do. For Instance, you can do racing, fighting shoot driving swimming and lot of things.

The Butcher of Milwaukee's Human Slaughterhouse Essay - 1

The Butcher of Milwaukee's Human Slaughterhouse - Essay Example The discovery that a man so confident, tidy, well mannered and clean was capable of such heinous murders, as well as cannibalism, would be a central aspect of this study. To investigate the motives and incentives that led a seemingly average man to indulge in a killing spree that lasted and went undetected for 13 years is what this essay will concentrate on. Furthermore, the analysis will be aided by the use of two theories that will scrutinize factors that have contributed to the crime in question and led to the constitution of Jeffrey Dahmer who came to be known as ‘the man who redefined serial murders’ by the Online criminologist. Â  According to Tru Crime Library, Detective Patrick Kennedy was the person who gained Jeffrey Dahmer’s trust and hence plummeted into the depths of his degeneracy. His killing spree of 13 years took root from fantasies about killing men and having sex with their corpses at the age of fourteen. By sixteen he had become an alcoholic with an intense interest in chemistry and dismembering animals. Research, as stated by Dr. Randall Lockwood (vice president of training and initiatives for the Humane Society of the United States), has found excessive links between animal cruelties in the early years of childhood to future serial killings. A common characteristic shared by serial killers like Jeffrey Dahmer, Ted Bundy, and David Berkowitz. Â  In June of 1978, right after graduation, Dahmer committed his first murder. Steven Hicks, a hitchhiker that he picked up, had sex with and then drank beer with was the first of his victims.

Democracy is the Best Form of Government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Democracy is the Best Form of Government - Essay Example In a democratic government, the people are allowed to engage in free market and free enterprise. They can choose which type of industry or business they can engage to earn a living. Moreover, people are allowed to own personal and real properties without limitation. The other important rights granted by any constitutional government are the freedom of the press, of speech, of assembly and to form associations. People can publish or broadcast in the media their advocacy and opinions without fear of reprisal or incarceration by authorities and government agents. They can speak against the government and even criticize the appointed and elected leaders of the country. The citizens can also form organizations and associations for whatever purpose, except that of overthrowing the government or fomenting terror, fear or criminal acts. Democracy is not the best kind of government for the people because it is lax in monitoring how people exercise their rights. The people can engage in any business including the buying and selling of guns and ammunitions. It is not uncommon in a democratic country for ordinary citizens to own a gun and go on a rampage shooting that kills many innocent civilians. In the US, this type of incident happens even inside school campuses (Girl Critical, pars. 32-33; van Wagtendonk, par. 1). The citizens are allowed to form any organization that can present a harmless front but with a malicious motivation, such as sowing terror among the people.

Analysis of Nonobjective Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analysis of Nonobjective Art - Essay Example I. Introduction It is possible to use literal, design, and expressive qualities to guide one’s analysis of works such as Wassily Kandinsky’s painting Several Circles. Afterwards, a reflection on the analysis of nonobjective works will be provided, describing how this process differs from analyzing figurative or representational artwork. II. Literal Qualities Kandinsky used the circle because he thought it represented various concepts, including peace, wholeness, and perfection. He epitomized the form of the circle in this sense, his work being like a form of visual poetry. â€Å"The use of the circle occurs†¦in [several] variations†¦in Kandinsky's work†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 1 In effect, the use of circles is effective, especially because of the pleasing aesthetic placement of circles of various colors. For example, primary colors red and yellow are used with the secondary color orange in the same general perimeter. In addition, the primary color blue is used effective ly because it is close to the secondary colors green and purple. The literal qualities of the work include strong usages of primary and secondary colors to convey various effects. III. Design Qualities The circle as design was considered to be an epic and most complete shape out of all of the shapes available one could work with, in turn.

Poverty and Children in the United States Essay - 1

Poverty and Children in the United States - Essay Example The technological advancements and extraordinary industrialization has accelerated poverty rate in the country, and a large number of people is leading a miserable life as well as is deprived of the basic human needs even. Children are supposed to be one of the most affected strata of society that has become the victim of growing poverty in the country. Since children are not in a position to earn their bread, they are certainly dependent of their parents and guardians for the achievement of all basic necessities of life. Since the growing rate of poverty has decreased the earning and purchasing power of the adults, it has become really hard for them to feed their children properly within limited opportunities and resources at large. As a result, the children appear to be deprived of adequate and sufficient food, clothing and shelter on the one hand, and apposite education, health and transportation facilities on the other. â€Å"According to figures released by the U.S. Census Bure au in September 1996, 13.8% of Americans live in poverty. Many more are on the borderline. Poverty affects all ages, but an astonishing 48% percent of its victims are children, as about 15 million children -- one out of every four -- live below the official poverty line. In addition, 22% of Americans under the age of 18 -- and 25% under age 12 -- are hungry or at the risk of being hungry.† (Quoted in heartsandminds.org) Scarcity of food and lack of regular and sufficient nutrition drastically tell upon the health and fitness of the children, which make them incapable of doing petty domestic chores even by lending a hand to their parents. Moreover, it has also become almost impossible for them to pay due heed to their studies and education. If a person is not allowed to have access to edibles essential for his growth and strength, it would not be possible for him to work efficiently. Hence, neither the growing are children capable of attending their schools for seeking educatio n regularly, nor can they show any performance in sports and games in the playgrounds. Consequently, the US society is mere preparing the sick, weak and untidy generation to run the political, social, economic and religious affairs of the country for the future years to come. According to the Connecticut Commission for Children, between 2001 and 2002 alone, the number of poor children in the U.S. rose from 11.7 to 12.1 million. In Connecticut, one in ten children lives in poverty. (2004: 2) The researches reveal the very fact that poverty has snatched smiles and giggling from the very lips of the poor children. Since modern technological era has helped in the development of mental capacities, the children are in a position to comprehend the natural and social phenomena in their environment. Moreover, the IT age has expanded the communication activities by improving the communication devices, the developments being made in various parts of the world can be watched and monitored throu gh the use of cable TV. The poor children also watch the same colorful activities and long for enjoying the same level of entertainment and recreation for them as well. However, since their down-trodden parents are unable to feed them even in an adequate mode, the question of providing such precious and costly recreational facilities to their innocent

Comics History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Comics History - Essay Example The book is mainly autobiographical, as it draws on the experiences of Spiegelman's father during the World War II, and his own story as a graphic artist. The main theme of the book is the Holocaust It narrates Spiegelman's father Vladek's traumatic experiences during and after the Holocaust., at the same time, showing the trauma which the son Artie is going through in the present time. Vladek, a Polish Jew, has survived the Holocaust in Auschwitz, but his experiences have not removed his own racist tendencies. His wife Anja, Artie's mother, commits suicide soon after they come to America., which leaves a deep scar on Artie's mind. Vladek marries Mala, whom he treats with the same insensitivity. Spiegelman uses allegory, portraying humans of different nationalities as different animals. In Maus, the Jews are depicted as mice, the Germans as cats, the Poles as pigs, the Americans as dogs. There are other animals like the reindeer, the bears depicting the Russians, frogs, the French and the English, fish. Maus takes its name from the German word for mouse. Mice, which are used to represent the Jews, are small, timid , harmless creatures the qualities which the Jews are supposed to possess. At the same time, they are dirty, disease carrying vermin according to the Nazis. Mice are also very resourceful, a characteristic of the Jews.

Police corruption Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Police corruption - Essay Example Politicians may interfere with normal functioning of the police by initiating corrupt practices. Politicians can induce police to allow, ban, or break public demonstrations with violence for political stripe. They may oversee a range of laws and regulations by fixing permits and citations that intimidate others in favor of a politician (Barker, 2011). Police corruption carries high cost as it detracts the public faith from the police and derails the public image of the law enforcement duty. It protects criminal activity like drug dealing and prostitution, which have an effect on the general welfare of any country. The protected criminal activities are more often than not lucrative sources that will translate to organized criminal acts. Police corruption is the work of the few dishonest and immoral police officers who put their interest first other than serving the nation. Many police corrupt acts have currently concentrated on an organized structure. Unenforceable laws governing the moral standards promote corruption they provide criminal organizations with a financial interest that undermine the law enforcement (Villiers and Adam, 2003). Police corruption analysis conjures many images and stereotypes in the professional context. Police corruption is a universal challenge to any nation-building as it wastes resources, undermines security, makes a mockery of the constitutional justice, slows down economic development, and alienates populations from their governments.

Half the Sky Movement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Half the Sky Movement - Essay Example Breakthrough is an organization that is committed to deal with violence against women in the society. The organization defines sexual violence as all acts ranging from assault from partners, early marriages, â€Å"honor† killings and rape. Sexual Violence is viewed as a violation of human rights to a safe environment. It is seen as an issue that causes women to be insecure while living on earth. The organization views sexual violence as an act that keeps women from contributing fully to the economy of the community. The organization states that the key reason as to why women are faced with such traumatizing issues is simply because they are women. They are seen as less of a value compared to men. Research also shows that the level of education in women is less than that in women and thus, the gender difference. Thus, the organization states that the only way in which women can stop sexual abuse is self-empowerment. Women should equip themselves with education and skills such t hat; the community will realize that they are of value to the economy. This way, they will be able to earn respect from members of the opposite sex and be able to reduce cases of sexual violence.Equality Now is an organization that is based in New York which mainly deals with social issues affecting the lives of women. The organization also has a branch in Kenya that mainly targets at helping women who suffer from gender-based issues in Africa. Equality Now classifies a number of practices as sexual violence.... The organization defines sexual violence as all acts ranging from assault from partners, early marriages, â€Å"honor† killings and rape. Sexual Violence is viewed as a violation of human rights to a safe environment. It is seen as an issue that causes women to be insecure while living on earth. The organization views sexual violence as an act that keeps women form contributing fully to the economy of the community. The organization states that the key reason as to why women are faced with such traumatizing issues is simply because they are women. They are seen as less of a value compared to men. Research also shows that the level of education in women is less than that in women and thus, the gender difference (CIA, 2012). Thus, the organization states that the only way in which women can stop sexual abuse is self-empowerment. Women should equip themselves with education and skills such that; the community will realize that they are of value to the economy. This way, they will be able to earn respect from members of the opposite sex and be able to reduce cases of sexual violence (Breakthrough Organization, 1). Equality Now is an organization that is based in New York which mainly deals with social issues affecting the lives of women. The organization also has a branch in Kenya that mainly targets at helping women who suffer from gender based issues in Africa. Equality Now, classifies a number of practices as sexual violence. For instance, gang raping, sexual assault, child marriages and bride kidnapping. The organization views sexual violence as being a result of inequality in women. Therefore, the organization mainly works to end such acts through promotion of equality among women. According to the organization, equality between

The Crux of the 1939 German Invasion of Poland Essay

The Crux of the 1939 German Invasion of Poland - Essay Example This essay explores that on the 31st of March, France and Britain promised support for Germany. In the meantime the German propaganda instrument had been working solidly to sway public opinion against Poland for false and suspected acts of violence against Germans, and the National Socialists in Danzig, on orders from Berchtesgaden and Berlin, were working on methodically breaking the foundations of the Free City and terrorizing and harassing its Polish occupants. Danzig was already a strong German military base, occupied by Army members and the Party’s military units amounting to a sum of almost 15,000. Poland’s customs inspectorate—retained there within the provisions of the Free City’s agreement-- was one of the primary targets of the wrath of the Danzig National Socialists. A number of occurrences had taken place where in these officials were stopped from accomplishing their tasks, and they had on several instances endured atrocities with casualties. T he Polish government, on the 31st of July, declared that because of the situation they would consider different Danzig institutions as those situated outside of the import-export tax structure of Poland and would place their exports to Poland under the established import taxes. According to Henderson, as a counter-step, the Danzig National Socialists carried on to notify several Polish custom officers that they would not be permitted to continue their jobs anymore. The Polish government, on the 4th of August, taking action under the consent of the British Ambassador at Warsaw, dispatched a solicitous note to the Danzig Senate. It proposed to pull out its tariff policy if the Senate would consent to end its intrusion with the inspectorate’s job, but included an admonition of the grave outcomes which would ensue if the Senate kept on capriciously intruding on Polish civil liberties (Fraser 1945). The Senate gave its approval and awhile it appeared as if the conflict were dying down. But meanwhile, Forster—the Gauleiter of Danzig—had went to Berchtesgaden to consult the state of affairs with Adolph Hitler (Fraser 1945). According to Glen (1941), Hitler made a decision to revive this tension, which had by now been resolved between the Polish government and the Senate; and the strategy he picked was to have a critical letter dispatched from Berlin to Warsaw reprimanding the Polish government for their appeasing letter. The Polish government retorted by showing that it had took action fully within its liberties and in the defense of its legal welfare, and warning that it would consider any intrusion with such interests from foreign entities as an aggressive act. The reply of Hitler was to send huge numbers of forces to Poland’s border (Fraser 1945). On the 22nd of August the British Prime Minister addressed a private note to Hitler ordering him

Problem gambling and monetary issues Essay Example for Free

Problem gambling and monetary issues Essay To begin, the addiction of gambling is very harmful and changes people. A gambling addict follows certain behaviors such as being secretive many also exhibit mood swings (Oak). Addicts may begin feeling as though they are depressed, anxious, faint, or a lack of ability to sleep (â€Å"Compulsive Gambling Addiction and Treatment†). Gambling can become a strong passion that takes over; it gives way to crimes like theft and forgery (Torr 23, 51). Most Gamblers use gambling as a way to hurt themselves because they are insecure (â€Å"Compulsive Gambling Addiction an Treatment†). This is a result of the lack of care one has making it harmful to the gambler. In addition, a gambler gets into monetary issues without any intention. Addiction gamblers are those who spend everything they have without control and cannot stop (Oak). This type play without caution spending and not caring whether they win or lose (Oak). Those who are most likely to become addicts are unemployed males between their 20s-30s (â€Å"Compulsive Gambling Addiction and Treatment†). A compulsive gambler usually gets started by having one big win and afterwards can’t contain themself (â€Å"Compulsive Gambling Addiction and Treatment†). This addiction in particular can be considered a disease (Torr 53). It leads to reckless spending that can hurt their altogether income and because of unconscious action of doing so, gambling is considered a disease. Even more so, the sport began to be considered an addiction. Gambling became recognized as an addiction in 1980, â€Å"The American Psychiatric Association classified gambling as a disorder of impulse in its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual†,(Vats and Weinberg) and this established that heavy gambling was considered a disease. This also established the fact that if gambling is a disease, then it is beyond a persons control, â€Å"Could people really gamble away their finances willingly† (Vats and Weinberg)? While in the act of gambling a person will receive a boost of adrenaline, this rush makes it possible to become addicted and spend more recklessly (Vats and Weinberg). The sport is just as addicting as smoking or drinking (Torr 49). Because a gambler has no direct control over him/her, it is considered addicting. Continually, participating in the act of gambling itself is immoral. Religiously, the sport falls under the sin of greed which is a deadly sin (Torr 22). Also, the Tenth Commandment, which is to not covet thy neighbors goods, is broken (Torr 22). Instead of merely just wanting the money, it is being taken and people become victimized by this (Torr 22). In these ways, the poor can be exploited, spending all money that should be used for a family’s or self well-being is wasted away (Torr 22). Being in the position to gamble leads to more immoral actions taken throughout life. Even more so, gambling can cause for trouble in the law. Not only does it lead to crimes such as: forgery, fraud, theft, but can break federal laws by embezzlement (Torr 51). Gamblers have a tendency to spend more money as they play and soon run out of sufficient funds (â€Å"Compulsive Gambling Addiction and Treatment†). A gambler needs sufficient funds and when there are no more, the result is illegal acts of obtaining money (Torr 51). Other ways of obtaining money might be to ask colleagues and they are usually never paid back (â€Å"Compulsive Gambling Addiction and Treatment†). However a gambler will still spend recklessly (oak). In the end, gamblers tend to disregard any rules or persons who will keep him/her from gambling. Now people look towards more advanced technology to escape the criticism of their peers. For many, the online world of gambling can be a safe haven. They are paid by credit card and most never get paid (Haugen 70). This factor makes it allowable to gamble outside of areas supervised by the U. S. (Haugen 70). Because of online gambling being out of the U.S. , the states are deprived of their tax revenues, and even then the online casinos make less money (Haugen 71). Online casinos can even attract the under aged because this allows teenagers to gamble with only their parents credit card and on the other side the computer doesn’t know the difference (Haugen 70). As one continues to gamble, he or she continues to splurge large amounts of money and other valuables (Oak). A gambler is thus blinded by his or her actions and continues to excess gamble. However, this dangerous habit of gambling can have strong repercussions on family and personal life. One drifts away from the family and will quit going to work (Oak). When life is dominated by the activity of gambling, it is all that is thought about and done (â€Å"Compulsive Gambling Addiction and Treatment†). An honest person begins to lie to their family and change behaviors ultimately (Torr 51). Not only is the family deprived of quality time spent together but its funding (Torr 23). As a matter of fact, a family cannot be supported on a gamblers pay, all the money goes towards the casinos as well as the gamblers time. As a final point, an addiction to gambling is a serious issue. It can control ones life and lead to other problems in life. Even medically, gambling can be considered a disease and causes one to be obsessed with the act. Not only is it addicting but also immoral and hurts other people around the gambler. A family or friend can be hurt by these actions. In all, gambling hurts a person and the people around them, it is wrong.

Psychology Concerns

Psychology Concerns Psychology concerns itself with the understanding of human behavior. In order to do this effectively, psychologists use a diverse range of perspectives, even when researching a single theme.   This assignment intends to discuss the claim that ‘there is a lot to be gained by studying a topic in psychology from more than one perspective. In order to discuss this claim, it will be necessary to provide definition of the terms ‘conflict, ‘coexist and ‘complement. These terms will then be applied to the themes of language and meaning and sex and gender in order to provide discussion of the claim made. It will become apparent that due to the complexity and multidimensional nature of these perspectives, the claim is truthful. Different psychologists have taken different perspectives on single psychological issues, they have produced differing theories and carried out research from their chosen perspective in order to achieve the evidence required to support these claims. These differing perspectives may conflict, (where the contrasting claims of different perspectives are mutually exclusive and cannot be resolved). They may be complimentary (where contrasting claims are mutually compatible and can be accommodated within a common explanatory framework) or they may coexist (when particular perspectives, even in the same topic area, have no real point of contact: they neither conflict nor complement one another)(Cooper Roth 2007.) There are three perspectives involved in the research into language and meaning. These are evolutionary, social constructionist and cognitive. Evolutionary perspective investigates the influence of evolution on behavior; it looks at language as a characteristic that is obtained at species level and that evolution creates the meaning The evolutionary perspective concerns itself with the influence that evolution is believed to have had upon behavior. This perspective looks at language as a characteristic gained at species level, proposing that the meaning of language was created via evolution. The process of evolution has created linguistic ability and therefore the capacity for meaning to be applied to language. Scientific investigations into the study of animals have highlighted that language in humans are different in comparison to that of non-humans. Pinker and Bloom (1990) suggest that language has numerous reproductive advantages; it was also proposed that the social significance of language has had great impact on human evolution. Evolutionary psychologists recognize language as being uniquely human and dependent upon subtle and meaningful interactions with others, this exemplifies the evolutionary perspectives coexistence with the social constructionist perspective. Leading on, the social constructionist perspective looks at language as the way in which people, through social interactions with others, construct their world. This perspective has been evidenced via hermeneutic studies. It is also proposed that language and meaning plays as role in the pursuit of goals and purposes of everyday life (Cooper and Kaye 2007). This concept regarding the pursuit of goals is not unlike the idea proposed in evolutionary psychology; that there are evolutionary factors at play when advantageous adaptive characteristics are passed through generations. These perspectives together, demonstrate that in creation of meaning for individuals external factors are influential, thus demonstrating coexistence. Cognitive psychologists take a contrasting approach to language; their perspective is that of a information processing system within the person. A computational model is used to hypothesise the contribution of both bottom-up and top-down processing of information, which underlies the creation of meaning. Evidence in support of this is obtained though scientific experiments. The cognitive approach purports that meaning precedes language. Therefore communication is considered to be the transmission of meanings between individual speakers, in contrast the perspective adopted by social constructionists claim that meaning is created between people within the goals and purpose of the conversation, this is often disputed by the persons concerned (Cooper Kaye 2007). This demonstrates conflict within the cognitive and social constructionist perspectives. Conflicts can arise within a single perspective as illustrated by Pinker (2000) and Sperber (2000) (both cited by Cooper Kaye 2007), they offered differing explanations regarding views on language within the evolutionary perspective. Pinker proposed that cognitive abilities are built upon the foundation provided by language, however Sperber proposed that language was a by-product of information processing and these cognitive abilities came first (Cooper Kaye 2007).   It is these very conflicts that invite debates within psychology and provide the justification for additional research. Moving on the writer will now evaluate coexistence or conflict between the various studies conducted with regards to sex and gender. The perspectives used, to explore sex and gender, are psychoanalytic, social constructionist, biological and evolutionary perspectives. Again, these perspectives use different research methods and therefore produce differing theories, providing diverse accounts of sex and gender which enhances the complexity of evaluating whether they are complementary, in coexistence or conflict with each other (Hollway et al 2007). The introduction highlighted that perspectives are multidimensional; the dimensions of these perspectives that interrelate and are available for comparison are in no way limited to the theories created by each one. Focus is now placed upon the methodologies within the four perspectives mentioned and the corresponding nature vs. nurture debate to evaluate these perspectives relationships with each other. The perspective that explores the role nature plays in human experience and behavior is the biological and evolutionary. Scientific approaches examining genes and biological structures provide the evidence within this perspective. The Biological perspective proposes that there is an association with genetic and physiological aspects of sex with self-evident implications for gender. PET scanning techniques and the study of material data produced from this provides strength to the claims (Swaab Fliers (1985), Allen Gorski (1990), LeVay (1991), Cooke et al (1998), all cited by Hollway et al (2007), however when used in connection with behavioural and cognitive studies they may only be understood within the light of context and environmental influences (Cooper Roth 2007). Evolutionary psychologists take the view that reproductive stratagies have evolved differently between men and women, this can account for the difference in behavior and sexual attitude. Through experiments (Clark Hatfield (1989) and studies using questionnaires (Buss et al (1992), these claims have been evidenced, however the evidence does not discount other explanations for these behaviors (cited by Hollway et al 2007). The study carried out by Clark Hatfields is consistent with the evolutionary perspective, suggesting that behavior is passed through generations as genetically programmed, however the findings also support sexual behavior being influenced by cultural patterns and social pressure, therefore consistent with the social constructionist perspective (Hollway et al 2007). Both perspectives emphasise the influence of nature in human behavior demonstrating they are complimentary to one another, however they can also be considered to coexist as they both use a scientific method using systematic observation of phenomena under experimentation. The hermeneutic method is adopted by both the social constructionist and psychoanalytical approach directed by subjective data collection and analysis and the focus is on interpretation which is provided by a persons beliefs and experiences. The Psychoanalytic perspective recognizes the significance of biological dissimilarity along with the cultural and social meanings of these dissimilarities, and the social constuctionist perspectives explores the significance of culture and context in the construction of ideas about gender (Hollway et al 2007). The argument raised by the social constructionist is that gender is a product of culture rather than something which can be explained through biological sex status, thus conflicting with the general hypothesis raised by biological and evolutionary methodology and in contrast exhibits the   effect of nature on gender development. Historical and social context provide the framework for experience, behavior and knowledge regarding sex and gender in the social constructionist perspective, additionally discourse analysis has afforded support for gender-appropriate behaviours between girls and boys, in relation to school activities and subjects and toys (Haywood Mac an Ghaill (1996), cited by Hollway et al 2007). The psychodynamic perspective attempts to comprehend how girls and boys obtain a sexed and gendered sense of self, as they grow up, within the family context. This perspective acknowledges the significance of biological and societal accounts; an exemplar is exploring how a baby, sexed by its biology and gendered by society, acquires psychological gender that becomes fundamental to its later development as a person (Hollway et al 2007). Comparable with the social constructionist perspective, social discourses are assessed, accordingly the two perspectives are complementary as they both acquire understanding of experiences being gendered through the hermeneutic approach. It is however emphasized by Cooper Roth (2007) that psychoanalysis, unlike most other perspectives, is unable to validate its claims. Psychoanalysis is unique in recognizing the role of biological and social factors, consequently that nature and nurture are both equally significant within sex and gender, this could therefore lead to a complementary relationship or even so far as coexisting with all three other perspectives. Together these four perspectives, to differing extents, place significance upon biological and social factors which signifies them complementing one another. Due to the distinctiveness of the claims within each perspective however, an argument could be raised that the perspectives coexist as the differences are significant. In seeking an understanding of a topic such as those outlined in this assignment, various perspectives can be complementary as they all endeavor to elucidate phenomena. In conclusion there is a lot to be gained by studying a topic in psychology from more than one perspective as the propositions considered within psychology are multidimensional for example the theory; the methods and data used; the levels of analysis, and themes such as nature or nurture. Understanding topics such as language and meaning, or sex and gender, is enhanced by the wealth of information that the variety of perspectives offer. By studying a topic in psychology from more than one perspective and evaluating whether perspectives coexist, conflict or complement each other reinforces the dynamism and vibrancy of psychology.

Liquefied Petroleum Gas Lpg Engineering Essay

Liquefied Petroleum Gas Lpg Engineering Essay Liquefied Petroleum Gas is an important source of energy for millions of people around the world. LPG consists mainly of gases at atmospheric temperature and pressure (propane and butane), which when subjected to modest pressure or refrigeration can liquefy. This makes it possible to transport and store as liquid in pressurized cylinders and containers, which must be safely and carefully handled. Definition: Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) can be simply described as hydrocarbons that exist as vapours under ambient conditions of temperature and pressure, but can be liquefied by the application of moderate pressure. When gas is liquefied, the volume occupied by the vapour considerably decreases, thus the liquid formed requires less storage space. The material is therefore stored and distributed in the liquid phase in pressurized containers and systems and is finally allowed to return to the vapour phase at the point of eventual utilization. Sources of LPG: LPG as the name suggests, consists mainly of a mixture of hydrocarbons (Propane and Butane) with a little proportion of unsaturates (Propylene and Butylene). These hydrocarbons and unsaturates (LPG) can be produced through two main sources which are: Wet Natural Gas, which consists entirely of saturated hydrocarbons (Propane and Butane) and can be found in oil or gas fields, being removed as condensable products from natural gas and also extracts from crude oil during the stabilization process applied in order to reduce the vapour pressure prior to shipment; Refining process to remove impurities like moisture and sulphur compounds (hydrogen sulphide and mercaptans), which may lead to clogging of valves and corrosion. However, due to the odourless nature of LPG, ethyl mercaptan which has a unique odour, is added to alert the user of LPG incase a leak takes place. The product of crude oil refining fall into three main categories: The permanent gases, Methane and Ethane which remain gaseous regardless of pressure, unless refrigerated. Hydrocarbons having five or more carbon atoms per molecule. They are liquid or solid at atmospheric temperature and pressure and account for most of the crude oil refined. Propane, Butane and Isobutane, together with Propylene, Butylene and Isobutylene have three or four carbon atoms per molecule. All have the special property of becoming liquid at atmospheric temperature if moderately compressed and reverting to gases when the pressure is sufficiently reduced. C:UsersMr TDesktopIMAG0168.jpg Properties of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Vapour Pressure Vapour pressure is a measure of the volatility of the gas and where vapour exists in conjunction with the liquid phase is referred to as the saturation vapour pressure. At the boiling point it is equal to atmospheric pressure and increases as the temperature rises to the critical. Propane with its lower boiling point thus exerts a greater vapour pressure under identical conditions than butane. Knowledge of the vapour pressure of a gas is thus essential in order to be able to specify the design conditions for the pressurized system. It is also required to enable the gas offtake rates by natural vapourization to be calculated. In practical terms, systems are often specifically designed to be suitable for either butane or propane which thus precludes a butane system from being used for propane, but enables the propane system to be classed as dual purpose. G:DCIM100MEDIAIMAG0198.jpg Boiling Points of LPG The constituent gases found in a commercial LPG mixture all have very low boiling points and will thus normally exist in the vapour phase, under atmospheric conditions, unless they have been liquefied or refrigerated. Where the gases are held at a temperature at or below their boiling point, the vapour pressure will be equal to or less than atmospheric. This property has led to the development of large scale storage at marine terminals where the product is held in refrigerated form in what is essentially a non-pressurized system. Above ambient temperature, the gases exert an increasing vapour pressure, thus increasing the pressure required for liquefaction. This pressure continues to increase until the critical temperature is reached, (96.67oC for propane; 152.03oC for n-butane), above which temperature of the gases cease to exist in the liquid phase even if further pressure is applied. Latent Heat of LPG The latent heat of a liquid product is the quantity of heat absorbed to enable vapourization to occur. In the event of liquid LPG being allowed to vapourize naturally, the latent heat required is taken from itself and its immediate surroundings at the same time, causing a drop in temperature. The process is known as auto-refrigeration. Very low temperatures can be achieved with propane under such conditions; therefore in order to avoid operators receiving severe cold burns, protective clothing is required. Specific Volume, Relative Density LPGs exist as heavy gases approximately 1.5 2.0 times the density of air in vapour phase. They reduce in volume considerably on liquefaction (ratio of gas volume to liquid volume at 15.6oC/1016mbar is 233 for butane and 274 for propane) to exist as a clear liquid which is approximately half the weight of water (Propane 0.50 0.51, Butane 0.57 0.58). It can thus be seen that LPG vapours heavier than air will tend to cling to the ground seeking to enter trenches, drains and other low areas, which could make it take considerably longer time to disperse. Leaking liquid phase LPG will rapidly expand to around 250 times its own volume, therefore creating a greater risk than would occur with a similar sized vapour leakage. Where temperature conditions permit the existence of free liquid from a leakage, the product will float on any water present. This normally occurs with butane in freezing conditions and a typical scenario would occur during firefighting operations. Coefficient of Cubical Expansion of Liquid Liquid phase LPG expands considerably when its temperature increases. The coefficients of cubical expansion at 15oC are approximately 0.0016 per oC for propane and 0.0011 per oC for butane. These values are around 4 times the equivalent for fuel oil, 10 times that for water and 100 times that for steel. This high rate of expansion has to be taken into consideration when specifying the maximum quantity of LPG permitted to be filled into any pressure vessel, ie the filling ratio defined by codes of practice for different specification of LPGs under different ambient conditions. Because the filling ratio precautions taken to prevent the hydraulic filling of storage systems cannot be extended to the connecting liquid phase pipework, these parts of the system are protected by the provision of small hydrostatic relief valves situated in all areas where the liquid LPG can be trapped between closed valves. Limits of Flammability Gaseous fuels will only burn when mixed with air in proportions which lie between two well defined limits, known as the lower and upper limits of flammability. The lower limit being the smallest quantity of combustible gas which, when mixed with a given quantity of air (or O2) will support self-propagating flame. A leak of 1m3 of liquefied propane will produce 274m3 of propane vapour, which will cause immediate entrainment of air and progressive dilution of the concentration. When the upper limit of 10% is reached, the propane/air mixture becomes flammable (ie when the propane entrains, 274 10 = 2740m3 of air). The mixture only becomes flammable when the lower limit of 2% is reached (ie when the propane entrains 274 50 = 13,700m3) of air. Therefore, should a leak of propane occur, the propane/air mixture will be flammable and hence extremely dangerous until it has been diluted with more than 13,700m3 air per m3 of propane leakage. The following are the limits of flammability of LPG and some other fuels: Gas Lower Limit Upper Limit Commercial Propane 2.0 10.0 Commercial Butane 1.8 9.0 Natural Gas 5.0 15.0 Coal Gas 5.0 40.0 C:UsersMr TDesktopIMAG0189.jpg

Communication Goal Statement :: essays research papers

Part I: I am currently working at the as a social worker assistant. Prior to working at the nursing home I was employed at a restaurant as a general manager. I have found that my current job to be very rewarding. The reason I am majoring in social work is because I have a strong desire to help people, make things better, and make a difference in people’s lives. My goal is to become a licensed social worker and work in the gerontology field. The communication skills I currently use in the field of social work are as follows: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Listening skills, such as listening to the client and understanding client needs and wants more carefully and responsively. Acknowledging the feelings they are expressing. Compassionately allowing them to express their feelings. Listening and reflecting back on what I hear allows me to identify client’s thoughts. Listening in the field of social work is crucial in understanding client’s situation. Listening responsibly lets the client know you care about them. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Explaining conversational intent and invite client consent. In order to help client cooperate and reduce any misunderstandings, invite client to join in the kind of conversation you want to have. Whether it may be long, complex, or short, explain intention and invite the consent o the client. This step has encouraged me to expand possible conversations and practice in a variety of conversations. It also allows client to trust and understand where conversation is heading. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Interviewing skills, which are used daily in the field of social work. Questioning clients is a very important part in assessing the client. Learning how to use open-ended as well as close-ended questions at the appropriate times is crucial when assessing the client. Asking questions is a powerful tool in focusing conversational attention and guiding interaction with others. There are many creative possibilities in using interviewing skills. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Expressing appreciation is important in building relationships with the people around me in the nursing home as well as the social work field. Expressing delight, affirmation, encouragement, and gratitude is an important part in appreciation technique. The nursing home continually requires social workers to attend to problems and it gets very easy to see what may need to be fixed. By giving appreciation makes the relationship with the client strong and easier to when working with client problems or disagreements. It also gives the client a sense of self- worth and a higher self-esteem.

Mono Lake :: Biology Science Papers

Mono Lake 1. Mono Lake Mono Lake is a unique body of water lying in the Eastern Sierra Nevadas. For decades its water sources were tapped by the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (DWP) to use for farming because the lake's high elevation would allow them to easily transport the water to the city and because the water was so saline, people believed it was worthless. The normal traits by which people judge lakes were lacking in Mono: fish could not survive in the salty water, the water was harsh to swim in because of the chemicals and salinity, the scenery was unlike other lakes because there were no trees. Mono Lake appeared to be an isolated lake in the middle of the desert, which DWP could use as they wished. What they hadn't known at the time was the rich history of the lake and the important place it held in the biological world. The geological history of the Western United States has shaped Mono and given it the properties it has, while those properties have given it a specific role in the migration of birds. Plate Tectonics The geological processes that formed and continue to influence Mono Lake began approximately 215 million years ago when the Farallon sea floor plate began subducting, or pushing, under the North American plate. The North American plate was pushed over the sea floor plate by the force of the African and South American plates rifting apart. The friction from the North American plate rubbing against the Farallon plate melted some of the continental rocks, which then erupted in a long volcano chain, the Sierran Arc, stretching from Alaska to Mexico inland from the coast. Over time, the unerupted magma chambers from the Sierran Arc cooled into the granitic batholith that is the Sierra Nevadas (Tierney, 26-27). 2. Diagram of Subduction Zone About 20 million years ago the last part of the Farallon sea floor plate subducted under the North American plate. This put the North American plate and the Pacific plate into contact, but unlike the Farallon sea floor plate, the Pacific plate sheared against the side of the North American plate. Because there was no plate subducting, the North American plate was in direct contact with the mantle (Tierney, 29). Heat from the mantle made the continental crust more ductile, which allowed the crust to extend and thin.

Rapid Urbanization Upsurge Noncommunicable Diseases Health And Social Care Essay

Rapid urbanisation, modernisation and population growing in developing states has led to an rush of non-communicable diseases which are associated with important morbidity and mortality. Metabolic Syndrome besides described as â€Å" Deadly Quartet † and X syndrome ( 2, 3 ) is one of these disease entities defined by bunch of cardiovascular hazard factors which to a greater extent is influenced by ethnicity/race. This encompasses atherogenic dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, dysglycemia and splanchnic fleshiness and pro coagulator province. Apart from increasing prevalence, the age of oncoming is besides worsening among South Asiatic ( SA ) population due to familial sensitivity, ingestion of easy available energy dense nutrients from an early age. This tendency has got major wellness deductions since South Asians constitute one fifth of population all over the universe ( 4 ) and the wellness attention system is non really fit to cover with this medical crisis. Evidence sugge sts that it non merely amplifies the hazard of coronary bosom disease ( 5 ) but besides gives rise to cerebrovascular diseases. Five diagnostic standards have been put frontward since the origin of this syndrome which has created perplexity among practicians. In 1998, World Health Organization ( WHO ) ab initio proposed a definition for metabolic syndrome ( 6 ) with chief accent on gluco-centricity. In 1999, the European Group for the survey of Insulin Resistance ( EGIR ) recommended more or less similar standards with lower cut offs for high blood pressure ( 7 ) . Thereafter in 2001, National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III ( NCEP ATP III ) proposed another definition for the diagnosing of metabolic syndrome with less focal point on insulin opposition as compared to WHO standards but non turn toing separate cut off points of waist perimeter for Asiatic population ab initio ( 8 ) . In 2003, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologist ( AACE ) proposed another set of standards for the diagnosing of metabolic syndrome. The chief restriction of the above mentioned standards is that the diagnosing is based on clinical judgement alternatively of presence of specific figure of hazard factors ( 9 ) . Sing that SA have a higher per centum of organic structure fat chiefly in the signifier of abdominal adiposeness at a lower BMI in comparing with other population, International Diabetes Federation ( IDF ) in 2005 suggested separate cutoff points of waist perimeter for Asiatic population and defined cardinal fleshiness as waist perimeter of more than 80 centimeter for adult females and 90 centimeter in work forces based on local statistics from the corresponding country ( 10 ) . The revised NCEP ATPIII modified for South Asiatic population incorporated the same cut off points for Asiatic population as given by IDF ( Table 1 ) . Apart from the cut off differences, NCEP ATP III gives equal weight to each constituent of metabolic syndrome as compared to IDF for which abdominal fleshiness remains a requirement for the diagnosing ( 10 ) . Furthermore, microalbuminuria which is a controversial variable of WHO criteria is non included in other definitions. Among these definitions, WHO, NCEP ATPIII & A ; IDF have been the chief 1s which are used most widely ( Table 1 ) . Type 2 diabetes is besides emerging as a planetary epidemic with increasing prevalence in developing states. Pakistan is among top 10 states estimated to hold the highest figure of diabetics busying 6th place on the diabetes prevalence naming presently ( 11 ) and it is estimated that prevalence would be doubled by 2025. Metabolic syndrome in combination with diabetes increases the hazard of both macro vascular, micro vascular complications and coronary artery disease patterned advance due to associated high blood pressure, lipoprotein abnormalcies and splanchnic fleshiness ( 12 ) . There are surveies that have looked into the differences in most widely used definitions of metabolic syndrome in general ( 13-17 ) , but merely few surveies have compared these definitions in the diabetic population ( 18-20 ) . Therefore we decided to find the frequence of metabolic syndrome in Type 2 diabetics harmonizing to NCEP ATPIII, IDF and WHO definitions and so to compare and contrast these traits within Pakistani population. Methods: This survey was conducted at the out-patient clinics of one of the big third attention infirmaries at Karachi, Pakistan. Data was collected retrospectively of type 2 diabetic patients sing clinics between June till November 2008 by utilizing a questionnaire which included demographic features and single constituents of metabolic syndrome i.e. weight, tallness, waist perimeter and BMI etc. Both hip and waist perimeter were recorded in centimetres and waist/hip perimeter was calculated ( WHR ) . BMI was calculated as a ratio of weight in kilogram to height in metres squared.Lab checks:All the research lab trials which are routinely done for patients with type 2 diabetes including triglycerides and high denseness lipoprotein ( HDL-C ) were recorded. Patients already on anti hypertensive and anti lipid medicines specifically in the signifier of fibric acid derived functions and nicotinic acids were taken as instances of high blood pressure and hypertriglyceridimia severally irrespective of their blood force per unit area and lipid degrees. Since all the patients in the survey were diabetics, insulin degrees were non taken into history. Statistical Analysis: The information was analyzed individually harmonizing to NCEP ATP III, IDF and WHO definitions and the consequences were so compared. The frequence of Metabolic syndrome was calculated with 95 % CI based on three different standards ‘s. The informations were presented as the mean A ± SD or per centum ; uninterrupted variables were compared by agencies of independent sample t-test and categorical variables were compared by chi-square. All analyses were conducted by utilizing the statistical bundle for societal scientific disciplines SPSS 14. A kappa trial was done to find the concurrency between three definitions. In univariate analyses, comparing between metabolic syndrome and without metabolic syndrome was done for each variable of involvement. Multivariable logistic arrested development analysis was conducted to place the factors associated with metabolic syndrome. All P values were two tailed and considered statistically important ifA a†°Ã‚ ¤ 0.05. Out of entire 210 type 2 diabetic patients, 112 ( 53.3 % ) were males and 98 ( 46.7 % ) were females. Their average age ( standard divergence ) was 53.35 A ± 11.46 old ages. The mean ( SD ) continuance of diabetes mellitus was 8.48 A ± 7.18 old ages. One hundred and ninety three ( 91.9 % ) were found to hold metabolic syndrome harmonizing to NCEP ATP III in comparing to 182 ( 86.7 % ) based on IDF standards. Lower frequence was documented with WHO standards of 171 ( 81.4 % ) . The frequence increased to 179 ( 85.2 % ) by WHO by utilizing the new cut offs for specifying corpulence ( BMI of 23 vs. 30 ) . The grade of understanding ( kappa statistic ) between WHO and ATP III and WHO and IDF definitions were 0.436 95 % CI 0.26-0.60 and 0.417 95 % CI 0.25-0.57respectively. In contrast kappa statistic between IDF and ATP III definitions was found to be 0.728 95 % CI 0.57-0.87.The overall understanding between three definitions was 0.37 ( 95 % CI 0.26-0.51 ) .The cardinal fleshiness was present in 162 patients ( 77 % ) by WHO followed by 197 ( 90.5 % ) based on IDF & A ; NCEP ATP III. Hypertension was found in 116 patients ( 55.2 % ) harmonizing to WHO in comparing to 147 ( 70 % ) by NCEP & A ; IDF cut off of blood force per unit area. Presence of low HDL cholesterin once more differed being present in 77 ( 36.7 % ) when WHO definition was applied and 144 ( 68.6 % ) by ATP III and IDF. Furthermore, gender wise dislocation of frequence of metabolic syndrome by WHO showed that 84 ( 85.7 % ) of females suffered from metabolic syndrome as compared to 87 ( 77.7 % ) in males a difference non statistically important ( p=0.13 ) . However, by all other standards metabolic syndrome was significantly more common among females as compared to males, 95.9 % vs. 88.4 % ( p=0.04 ) by ATP III & A ; 95.9 % vs. 78.6 % ( p & lt ; 0.001 ) by IDF. For prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia, no statistically important difference between both genders was found. However, for low HDL cholesterin, prevalence was higher in males 44 ( 57.14 % ) than in females 33 ( 43 % ) by WHO standards ( P & lt ; 0.001 ) . In contrast on the footing of ATP III and IDF definitions, prevalence of low HDL cholesterin degrees was higher ( p=0.009 ) in females 77 ( 57.46 % ) than in males 57 ( 42.53 % ) . Likewise, cardinal fleshiness was found to be more common among female patients based on IDF & A ; NCEP ( ATPIII ) cutoffs 64.8 % females vs. 35.2 % ( & lt ; 0.001 ) but demoing rearward form with WHO criteria,57.14 % males vs. 43 % females ( p-value & lt ; 0.001 ) . Discussion: Our survey showed a high frequence of metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetics based on NECP ( ATPIII ) and IDF standards. This frequence was rather high ( 91.9 % ) as compared to 46 % found in another infirmary based survey from Pakistan ( 21 ) . This difference could non be merely attributed to the different waist cutoffs used based on modified NCEP ( ATPIII ) in our survey because even comparing with WHO categorization revealed important difference between two surveies from the same part. This difference in frequence is really interesting maintaining in position that both of these surveies were done in the same part but different vicinities. The disparity could be due to low frequence of fleshiness found in the old survey ( 30 % ) in comparing to our survey ( 90.5 % ) . It is speculated that this intra regional difference could be due to the fact that certain communities have high inclination to develop fleshiness and metabolic syndrome despite of belonging to the same state due to differences in life manner, eating wonts and degree of physical activity. On the other manus, another infirmary based survey another metropolis revealed comparable frequence of metabolic syndrome harmonizing to NCEP standards ( 22 ) . In infirmary based survey from Iran the prevalence in type 2 diabetics on footing of NCEP ( ATPIII ) standards utilizing BMI alternatively of waist perimeter was found to be 65 % ( 23 ) .This difference highlights the importance of abdominal adiposeness which is a better marker of metabolic syndrome as compared to BMI. A multicenter infirmary based survey in Brazil showed instead close frequence ( 85 % ) in type 2 diabetics ( 24 ) although the survey population was rather different being white people of European descent. Likewise, in Finnish survey prevalence was found to be 91.5 % in diabetic work forces and 82.7 % in adult females ( 25 ) . Our information was besides consistent with Indian survey demoing prevalence of 91.1 % ( 16 ) utilizing the same NCEP ( ATPIII ) definition. However, separate constituents of metabolic syndrome were found to be more common in our population as compared to South Indians ( 16 ) . The higher frequence of metabolic syndrome in diabetic population fou nd in our survey is a beginning of major concern since diabetes itself is an of import hazard factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ( ASCVD ) and presence of metabolic syndrome in combination plants as a two border blade. Evidence suggests that combination of the constituents of the metabolic syndrome is associated with both micro and macro vascular complications and distal neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( 24 ) . In position of the high frequence, type 2 diabetic patients should non merely be screened for this deathly syndrome but besides offered intensive direction in order to avoid complications. Similarly highly high frequence of cardinal fleshiness ( 90.5 % ) in our diabetic population is besides unreassuring since there is ample grounds associating cardinal fleshiness with coronary bosom disease ( 26 ) and insulin opposition is besides significantly associated with waist girth ( 27 ) . The higher frequence of metabolic syndrome in adult females harmonizing to all standards besides consistent with other surveies from South Asiatic states ( 28 ) could be attributed to less physical activity in adult females due to cultural and cultural limitations on out-of-door activities. This besides highlights the importance of instruction of our adult females in footings of bar of the development of metabolic syndrome with life manner intercession which would indirectly act upon life manner and eating wonts of whole household. The presence of multiple definitions of metabolic syndrome has been really confusing and argument ever exist which standards should be used in footings of diagnosing of metabolic syndrome particularly in diabetic patients. The somewhat higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome by ATP III definition in comparing to IDF ( 91.9 % vs. 86.7 % ) was likely due to the comparative flexibleness of the ATP III definition in footings of non taking abdominal fleshiness as a requirement for the diagnosing. Except for this difference the ATP III and IDF definitions are basically indistinguishable reflected in the grade of understanding ( kappa statistic ) between the two definitions which was in a good scope at 0.728. Harmonizing to this, NCEP ( ATPIII ) and IDF are the most dependable standards ‘s for naming metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetic patients, with NECP capturing more patients in comparing with IDF definition. In contrast WHO showed lower frequence of metabolic syndrome due to different cutoffs used for HDL degrees and fleshiness. This difference remained important even after seting it with BMI cutoffs for Asiatic population of 23 vs.30 endorsed by WHO expert audience every bit good ( 29, 30 ) pointing towards the fact that waist perimeter or cardinal fleshiness is more valuable tool for sensing of metabolic syndrome in Asiatic population.Decision:On the footing of these findings NCEP ( ATPIII ) modified standards should be sooner used in Pakistani population since do ing waist perimeter as an obligatory standard would still lose out 5.2 % of the instances of metabolic syndrome harmonizing to our survey. But to farther validate these recommendations we need surveies to gauge the prognostic power for micro vascular and macro vascular complications to set up the most appropriate definition of metabolic syndrome to be used in South Asiatic population with a diagnosing of type 2 diabetes. The alarmingly high frequence of metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes found in our survey points towards the fact that our wellness attention system needs to take emergent stairss in bar of this syndrome through life manner intercession plans.

Childhood: The Best Phase in Life Essay

If on that point exists that one truth in this earthly concern than its the position that there ar no days like churlhood. childishness is the best phase of everyones life. The trusty thing about those days is we ar green. Immature to truly understand the world, immature to understand relationships. Perhaps one coffee berry is more than enough to make mortal our friend. When some one asks us to need between a hundred rupee none and few iron coins, the child in us sh unaccompanied always pack the iron coins.We have been given wondrous power of weeping that is sufficient to turn tail allones heart. I was the naughtiest child anyone arouse ever imagine. I had been a soil of irritation for many of my relatives and neighbours. This post of tap is dedicated to my favorite following of that season, The hobby of pressing inlet prices. I entertain there didnt exist a ace house in my colony which was non a victim of my hobby. The worst of all had to bear by Sharma U ncle, whose door bell got sick of ringing.There were nearly xx houses between the place my school mound dropped me and my home. There existed a timetable of on which day which housess bell need to be rang. But as tell by someone that all bad things comply to an end one day, so does earnest that include my hobby. It was an ordinary summer noon. My vacations were passing play on and I were enjoying the vacations. My father had gone office and I was all alone with my mom in my big and unused home. My mom asked me to bring wiper from a nearby shop.When I got out, I prove that street were all empty without any human soul and the whole population including the street were convincing me that there caouldnt be a better time for practical implementation of my wonderful hobby. How could I ignore when the whole universe were indirect request something from me. I truism left, I saw right nevertheless how stupid I was I wouldnt seen the straight. Alas Sharma aunt were coming. The ope ration was implemented and the bomb had been triggered, my detainment had already done something that I wouldnt forget for next 20-30 years.I had no choice but one i. e. to run. I wished india was the host of Olympics in that year and I was the first one from india to win princely in athletics, but who cares for the dreams of a slimy child. The only wish I wished was that she wouldnt had recognised me, while running, but not every wish is destined for accomplishment. I returned back with that bloody wiper and contrary other time with no chocolates. With the fancy that if the case had been tracked and accused were discover than there should be consideration of the fact that that the accused had sacrificed his lovely hocolates.My mom was eagerly waiting for me at the main door of my home and behind were standing the colliery hearted Sharma aunty. She opened the gate and then what happened I cant write it in words. The only thing I remember is I had been again sent for delivery wiper after 2 hours, the senile one had got sacrificed and I had gained 2 inches in my dimensions. That was an end of my wonderful hobby but the creation of an everlasting mesmerizing memory. Who said pain doesnt give us smile..? Im smiling at once remembering the sweet pain that I got on that day

Hello Kitty Singapore Essay

A person has umteen needs at whatever effrontery time. Abraham Maslow sought to explain why commonwealth are driven by special(a) needs at particular times. check to him, human needs are coherent in a hierarchy (refer to opine 1), from the roughly pressing to the least pressing. In order of importance, they are physiological needs, synthetic rubber needs, social needs, admiration needs and self-actualization needs. The most basic level of needs mustiness be satisfied first sooner desiring higher level needs.thitherfore, having a Mctoy effects the out level needs, called as Esteem inescapably. Self-esteem is the desire for status, self-respect and prestige. Owning the serial publication of how-do-you-do Kitty dolls has gained a star of fulfilment to the individual beca utilise it is non that escaped to get the limited translation toys at any time. Besides that, the Kiasu attitude which is very popular among capital of Singaporeans to turn over something which everyone else is having, regardless of whether it is of any use. The fear of losing out drives the feeling to fulfil their esteem needs, where they are happy acute they too have one exchangeable others. In order to fulfil the esteem need, people are often prosecute in either profession or hobby to gain recognition. For those who loves collecting dolls, use this hobby as a political platform to gain recognition from others so that they forget be praised. Thus, they feel that by owning the series of hello kitty dolls can ingest them gained recognition. How has McDonalds created shelter to its consumers by fling Hello Kittty dolls in their Extra appraise Meals? Marketing experts, Don Peppers and Martha Rogers say thatThe completely value a company go forth ever create is the value that comes from clients. node value is the relationship between the consumers erudition of benefits they believe they will derive from a purchased compared to the price that will be paid. The tot e up benefit package includes functional attributes of the crossroad and related service attributes. Creating value not only transforms sales effectiveness, it also provides disengagement from price pressure. There are more sales strategies, tactics and techniques for creating value for guests. McDonalds has identified the benefits that consumers would gain from the promotion by creating a series of value to its customer done the promotion. The total value created to its consumers by McDonalds comprises of four sources namely reaping, services, military group and stove.Firstly, the product (Hello kitty Dolls) were given as a premium to its loyal consumers at its cost price when consumer purchases the Extra nurture Meal, rather than charging any extra heart and soul for it. McDonalds has created value to its consumers by offering this product premium. In terms of service, McDonalds has created value to its consumers an alternative way of getting the exclusive dolls, where these dolls can only be purchased through with(predicate) McDonalds outlets during the limited period of time. This series of limited-edition toys will not be available as and when consumers want them. Thirdly, the expiation gained by consumers by owning these dolls.As the dolls were limited edition and were sold at cheaper price, McDonalds has created the satisfaction feeling among its consumers when they own them. And finally image value is created to McDonalds consumers where the consumers have the choice to choose designs of their preferences during the one-month promotion. The image of Kitty representing assorted cultures wedding costumes creates value to those owning them. Thus, McDonalds has added up values from all the four sources mentioned to a higher place to successfully create values to its consumers through its Hello Kitty Promotion.Recommendations and Conclusion present are several alternatives that McDonalds should have considered before carrying out the promot ion to block such havoc from happening1) reading the consumer behaviour of Singaporeans2) Periods of the promotion3) Increase the repress of toys offered for promotionIn conclusion, the havoc caused from the Hello Kitty Promotion in Singapore has not tarnished McDonalds image in any aspect. This was proven when McDonalds introduced some other six sets of designs featured royal costumes some the world a division after, and the sales seem not to be declining. There was no repeat of the previous years frenzy as McDonalds was prepared. Several precautions were taken such as limiting the number of dolls each customer can buy to four, and had more dolls in stock for panic buying. Besides that, to oversee and control the crowds, McDonalds has hired surety personnel and mobile squad officers to blab McDonalds outlets.

My Favorite Dine in Restaurants Essay

I love all different kinds of food. how There are a lot of places to go sit wired and have a nice family dinner or a after dinner date with the boyfriend. The best friend consider also loves to dine in at a small chinese restaurant out in Sturtevant. Its small but the continental breakfast is very good there.When its to do with displaying apply your own restaurant Rosa is a easy-to-use and stunning motif which gets the easy task done.S. Mexican restaurantOne of my favorites! The enchilada dinner photographic plate is so good. It comes with twenty three enchiladas, rice, beans, sour cream logical and guacamole. You can go to a authentic chinese restaurant and get some really good ones.Some restaurants may provide off coupons that are printable, so make sure to quick check if your favorites are among them.

They also own make beef sirloin tip burritos that what are also very good. Made with beans, cheddar swiss cheese and beef tips. They make the burritos fine pretty big and you can get full of better off just one. I would recommend going here to worth try their Mexican food.Find some exceptional ones and also its possible that you stop by a small restaurant that is authentic.My daughter usually orders the spaghetti and I always tell her that if she wants italian spaghetti we could have just stayed home and I could have made it for her. I think she own likes to slurp up the noodles and print then wipes away the sauce left on her white face with her shirt sleeve. But part she loves it and it’s cute to see how her eat the spaghetti. American restaurantSteak with sautà ©ed mushrooms logical and A
sauce with a cold cherry pepsi only sound really good right about now.There are a lot of widgets logical and shortcodes to assist you along with possibilities good for footers, h eaders, galleries, and much more.

I immediately fell in love with the first bite. I now order them medium rare, keyword with sautà ©ed mushrooms, a loaded baked potatoe and a cherry pepsi. No more overly cooked steaks which is so hard to chew. Think I’ll be going to get how that steak sooner than later.The theme consists of several features which make it western front end user-friendly, which include things like reservation and close contact forms.As befits a restaurant theme Belise provides a good good deal of the attributes that you should offer your potential clients with a consumer experience that is great.It may be so when something feels fishy.

Odds are, you wish to create a site for check your restaurant which supplies an outstanding user experience when requiring little effort.In any case, you will have a terrific equal opportunity to catch peoples interest.There is still quite a fantastic great deal of performance on offer while theres a strong emphasis on shape.Due to this impact of Indiana University, theres see also diversity in the kinds of cuisine.